高考英语短文填空?4.根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行逻辑推理,确定选项。这是体现语言学习离不开语言背景为特色的类型题。解决这类题学生要有相关文化背景知识和一定的生活常识。这类题在整篇的完形填空题中所占比例并不大。三、那么,高考英语短文填空?一起来了解一下吧。
导语:完形填空是综合测试学生的语言知识、阅读能力和总体语言水平,检查学生在有信息空缺的前提下理解整篇文章的能力的一种题型,它要求通过上下文判断,选择恰当的单词或词组填入空格中,使之成为合乎逻辑、语言通顺、意义连贯的文章。一句话,高中完形填空颇有难度。
高考英语完形填空如何答题
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分 30 分)
第册悔一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分) 阅读下州档正面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个蠢闷选项中选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our41are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we42along Chalk Creek. I was43that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was44, and his crying let the whole campground know it. So45tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It46— he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we47, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly48our peaceful morning trip. The49picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to50the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No51. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there52, a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were53.
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of54, wondering what camping fun and55we will experience next.
41. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries
42. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled
43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried
44. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid
45. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for
46. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed
47. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off
48. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded
49. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed
50. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix
51. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal
52. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly
53. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right
54. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement
55. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict
答案:41—45CADCB 46—50ADBAC 51—55 ADCDB
解题技巧和解题思路:
读文章--抓中心--再读文章—预设答案--边读边选择—解决疑难--核对答案
一、作为完形填空的短文,一般为记叙文或夹叙夹议类记叙文。
[1]The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It _41.was built___(41) (build) originally to protect the city ____42.in___(42) the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible__43.to walk____(43) (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
[2]We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
[3]After __44.spending____(44) (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ___45.better___(45) (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
[4]We __46.hired____(46) (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky47.but__(47) did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48.the___(48) way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and __49.watchtowers____(49) (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ___50. daily___(50) (day) routines.
47.+but考查连词。
高考英语完形填空答题步骤
完形填空题是高考英语卷中的重要题型,该题不仅侧重于考查学生的逻辑思维能力和对具体语境的把握能力,更是对学生整体语篇意义理解的连贯性和运用语言的准确性考查。它属于有一定难度的障碍性阅读理解题,是学生感到最难把握的题型之一。
一、命题特点及思路:
高考完形题的特点是突出语篇,以文章的语境理解为主,考查学生综合运用语言知识的能力。所以准确把握短文的大意是正确答题的基础。
分析2007年全国的十几套高考题,培哪完形填空所选短文的体裁多为记叙文和说明文。写人或记事。兼有个别议论的句子。趣味性强并兼有教育意义。一般为270至300单词的一篇短文,其内容逻辑性强,文章结构严谨,层次分明。文章首句不设空,但交待相关的背景材料,可挖掘的信息点很多,对整篇文章的理解起着至关重要的作用。
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近几年的完形填空题以单纯考查语法和词义为目的的题在设题中很少出现, 词语辨析题的比例有所增加。选项中的三个干扰项不一定是错误的,而是不符合所在语篇的特定语言环境。这更加突出了语迹纳境化和整体性。学生只有通过文章所给出的语境,善于运用逻辑推理能力,才能准确做出判断。
1、依据上下文确定答案的法则:从近几年的完形填空题看,近义词或近义短语的测试力度逐渐加强,并成为测试热点。四个选项不是词义相近,要不就是近义动词的同一种时态的现象,或名词销基的单复数搭配。若选项词义差异很大,必然文章中藏有提示语,正因如此,往往第一个选项有时需要读完全篇短文才能准确回答。
2、词语语义与强于语法原则:完型填空题的首句不留空,目的就是告知短文的故事的四要素:地点、时间、人物和事由。再则,单纯语法题已基本退出该题型的测试范畴,所以,指导学生时,首先要告知他们这类现象。尽管四个选项的词语都符合语法规则,然而该题的解答必须遵循先全面理解篇章语义,再结合正确语言结构对每个空格作出准确无误的抉择。
3、解题四步法原则:
第一步:跳读。带着空格通读全文,了解短文大意闭孝,判别短文文体,同时能将会做的题及时解决掉。
第二步:选答。这一步最为关键,要求考生对每一道题进行认真推敲,但是要告诫他们万万不可按照题的顺序答题,对那些不能拿不准的题先跳过去,遵循先易后难的解题原则。
第三步:推敲。这实际上就是要求考生对完形填空短文的篇章作通盘考虑,把其中一些需要依据上下文语境来考虑的比较难解答的题,以及句子之间和段落之间的逻辑亏态谨关联较强的认真推敲,甄别,筛选和抉择。
1
完形填空题分类
完形填空,就体裁来分,可简单地分为两大类:叙事类完形填空和非叙事类完形填空。
1.1叙事类完形填空叙事类完形填空就其内容而言大致可分为以下两类:1.1.1演绎人间真情
有的讲述家庭关系中的真情;有的讴歌同窗好友之间的真情;有的聚焦了上下级相处中的真情;有的展现了陌生人之间互帮互助的真情。虽然每篇完形填空的视角各不相同,但是主旨大意却殊途同归。弘扬人间真情,呼吁让世界充满爱是完形填空的主题和主流,这同时也渗透了人文教育理念。
1.1.2阐述人生哲理
人生哲理类完形填空不仅注重考查学生的语言理解和运用能力,也着重引导考生树立正确的人生观、价值观和世界观,增强社会责任感。这类完形填空都有一个共同点,那就是通过一个故事来讲述主人公在经历了一些事情后所获得的人生感悟,而这样的人生感悟通常出现在文末,即在前面记叙的基础上发表议论,且在思想上有一定的深度与广度,对学生具有普遍的指导意义。
1.2非叙事类完形填空
非叙事类完形填空主要是说明文和议论文。说明文类完形填空和议论文类完形填空的特点归纳如下:
1.2.1议论文是由论点、论据和论证构成
因此,议论文的语言是客观的、抽象的、概括的,同时也是准确的、合乎逻辑的。
以上就是高考英语短文填空的全部内容,先跳过空格,通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文,获得整体印象,做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨,较好地把握短文大意。要在阅读理解短文意思的基础上才开始判定选择,切忌仓促下笔。 2、结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案。